An Overview – White Collar Crime
Wednesday, October 27th, 2010In 1939, Professor Edwin Sutherland gave a speech in front of the American Sociological Society, in which he coined a term now widely used – and misused – in the American vernacular. Sutherland, who believed that people learned criminal behavior through their interactions with others, defined “white collar crime” as any criminal act “committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation”.
Since then, the term “white collar crime” has taken on a life of its own, inspiring frequent and as yet unresolved debates over what it should really encompass. Many legal scholars reject Sutherland’s original narrow definition and choose to expand Sutherland’s criteria into independent and separate categories. That is to say, while Sutherland may define a white collar crime as an offense committed by a person of high social standing for personal financial gain.
many modern scholars treat these criteria separately, saying that any crime dealing with money , finance, or fraud or committed by a respected person may qualify as a white collar crime. While a specific definition may never be agreed upon, the general consensus is that “white collar” may refer to any of a variety of non-violent crimes usually committed in commercial situations. For example, the following offenses are often considered white collar crimes:.
Some ways Identities are stolen is not always online. One way is referred to as Digital Pick Pocketing. Anyone who has physical access to your credit card can swipe your name and credit card information using a “skimmer”, a small handheld device which reads electronic data stored on the magnetic stripe found on credit cards, like a waiter waitress, bartender, anyone you hand your card to and walks away from your sight.
Although white collar crimes are typically considered non-violent in nature, they are nonetheless a serious issue. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) estimates the annual cost of white-collar crime at around $300 billion. Enforcement against white collar offenses is not lacking, and includes punishments ranging from fines to paying restitution to jail time.
Burglary, environmental crime, and arson are the three most common crimes against property. Whenever you call 911 to report a burglary of a motor vehicle, and it takes police three hours to arrive at the scene, you will know that they were probably occupied with other calls of crimes against people that take priority over a burglary.
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